Ukuhlelwa kweZixhobo zoNyango.

Iimeko ezisisiseko zezixhobo zonyango ukuze ziqhubeke ziphucula umgangatho wenzululwazi yezonyango kunye nethekhinoloji ikwaluphawu olubalulekileyo lwenqanaba lenkqubo yesimanjemanje.Izixhobo zonyango ziye zaba yintsimi ebalulekileyo yokhathalelo lwezonyango lwanamhlanje.Uphuhliso lwezonyango luxhomekeke kakhulu ekuphuhlisweni kwezixhobo, kwaye nasekuphuhliseni ishishini lezonyango, ukuphumelela kwayo kwibhodlela kudlala indima ebalulekileyo.Izixhobo zonyango zibhekisela kwizixhobo. , izixhobo, izixhobo zombane, imathiriyeli, okanye amanye amanqaku asetyenziswa yedwa okanye ngokudityaniswa emzimbeni womntu, kubandakanywa isoftware efunekayo. iimveliso zesixhobo sonyango zidlala indima ethile encedisayo.Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, ijolise ekufezekiseni ezi njongo zilandelayo: ukuthintela, ukuxilongwa, unyango, ukubeka iliso, ukuxolelwa kwezifo;ukuxilongwa, unyango, ukubeka iliso, ukuxolelwa kunye nembuyekezo yokwenzakala okanye ukukhubazeka;uphando, ukutshintshwa kunye nohlengahlengiso lweenkqubo ze-anatomical okanye ze-physiological;kunye nokulawula ukukhulelwa.

Ukuhlelwa kweZixhobo zoNyango

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zokuhlelwa ezikhuthazwa ngakumbi kwizixhobo zonyango, ezizezi, izixhobo zokuxilonga, izixhobo zonyango, kunye nezixhobo ezincedisayo.

1. Izixhobo zokuxilonga zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezisibhozo: Izixhobo zokuxilonga ngeX-reyi, izixhobo zokuxilonga nge-ultrasonic, izixhobo zokuhlola ezisebenzayo, izixhobo ze-endoscopy, izixhobo zamayeza enyukliya, izixhobo zokuxilongwa kwelebhu kunye nezixhobo zokuxilonga izifo.

2. Izixhobo zonyango zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezili-10: izixhobo zokunyanga iiwadi (iibhedi zezigulane, iinqwelo, iisilinda ze-oksijini, oomatshini bokuhlamba i-gastric lavage, iisirinji ezingenanaliti, njl.);izixhobo zotyando (iibhedi zokusebenza, izixhobo zokukhanyisa, izixhobo zotyando kunye neetafile ezahlukeneyo kunye neeracks) , Izitulo, iikhabhinethi, kubandakanywa nezixhobo ze-microsurgery);izixhobo zeradiotherapy (umatshini wonyango loqhagamshelwano, umatshini wonyango olungenzulu, umatshini wonyango olunzulu, iaccelerator, umatshini wonyango we-cobalt angama-60, iradium okanye i-137 cesium intracavitary therapy kunye nonyango lwesixhobo emva kokufakwa, njl njl.);Iindlela zonyango lwezixhobo zonyango lwenyukliya ziquka unyango lwemitha yangaphakathi, unyango lwesicelo kunye nonyango lwe-colloid;izixhobo zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali (ngokubanzi, zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamacandelo amane: ishishini le-phototherapy, izixhobo ze-electrotherapy, unyango lwe-ultrasound kunye nezixhobo zonyango lwesulfure);izixhobo zelaser- Ijenereyitha yelaser yonyango (edla ngokusetyenziswa yiruby laser, helium-neon laser, carbon dioxide laser, argon ion laser kunye neYAG laser, njl.);izixhobo zonyango lwe-dialysis (ezidla ngokusetyenziswa izintso ezenziweyo ziquka izintso ezifakelweyo zohlobo olusicaba kunye nezintso ezenziweyo ze-tubular);Isixhobo sokukhenkcisa ubushushu bomzimba (imela ebandayo ye-semiconductor, imela ebandayo yegesi, imela ebandayo eqinileyo, njl.);izixhobo zoncedo lokuqala (i-cardiac defibrillation kunye ne-pacing equipment, i-ventilator eyenziweyo, i-atomizer ye-ultrasonic, njl.);ezinye izixhobo zonyango (igumbi le-oxygen hyperbaric, i-ophthalmology ephezulu I-Frequency chromium yombane, i-electromagnetic iron absorber, i-vitreous cutter, isahlukanisi segazi, njl.).Zonke ezi zizixhobo zonyango olukhethekileyo kwisebe ngalinye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, zinokwahlulwa zibe kudidi olwahlukileyo.

3. Izixhobo ezincedisayo zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamacandelo alandelayo: izixhobo zokubulala iintsholongwane kunye ne-sterilization, izixhobo zefriji, i-central suction kunye ne-oksijeni inkqubo yokubonelela, izixhobo zomoya, izixhobo zoomatshini bamachiza, izixhobo zebhanki yegazi, izixhobo zonyango zonyango, ividiyo yonyango kunye nezixhobo zokufota, njl.

Imisebenzi

Izixhobo zonyango ziluphawu olubalulekileyo lwenqanaba lokuphucula, eyona nto isisiseko sonyango lwezonyango, uphando lwezenzululwazi, ukufundisa kunye nophando, kunye nokufundisa, kwaye ikwayimeko esisiseko yokuphucula ngokuqhubekayo inqanaba lesayensi yezonyango kunye nobuchwepheshe.Ukuphuhliswa kwezifundo zeklinikhi kuxhomekeke kubungakanani obukhulu ekuphuhlisweni kwezixhobo, kwaye nokuba kudlala indima ebalulekileyo.Ngoko ke, izixhobo zonyango ziye zaba yinkalo ebalulekileyo kumayeza anamhlanje.Izixhobo zonyango zibhekiselele kwizixhobo, izixhobo, izixhobo, izixhobo, okanye ezinye izinto ezisetyenziswa emzimbeni womntu kuphela okanye kudityaniswe, kubandakanywa isoftware efunekayo;iziphumo zayo kumphezulu kunye nomzimba womzimba womntu azifunyanwanga nge-pharmacological, immunological okanye indlela ye-metabolic, kodwa ezi ndlela zinokuthatha inxaxheba kwaye zidlale indima ethile yokuncedisa;ukusetyenziswa kwazo kujoliswe ekufezekiseni ezi njongo zilandelayo kulindeleke:

(1) Ukuthintelwa, ukuxilongwa, unyango, ukubeka iliso kunye nokunciphisa izifo;

Izixhobo zonyango zobungcali

(2) Ukuxilongwa, unyango, ukubeka iliso, ukunciphisa, kunye nembuyekezo yokulimala okanye ukukhubazeka;

(3) Uphando, ukutshintshwa, kunye nohlengahlengiso lweenkqubo ze-anatomical okanye ze-physiological;

(4) Ukulawulwa kokukhulelwa.

Iimfuno zobugcisa

Akukho kumka kombane esibhedlele.Nje ukuba umbane uqhawuke, kunokusongela ubomi bezigulana.Ngokufanayo, izixhobo zonyango azinakucinywa.Ngoko ke, izixhobo zonyango zineemfuno ezingqongqo kakhulu kwiinkcukacha zokubonelela ngombane.Ngoko ke, kukho iinkcukacha ezikhethekileyo ekuyilweni kweebhetri zezixhobo zonyango.

Imfuno yeemveliso ze-elektroniki zonyango e-China ikhula phezulu kunomndilili wehlabathi-isiseko esikhulu sabemi kunye nokwanda ngokukhawuleza kwabemi abalupheleyo unyaka nonyaka kunye nokwanda kolwazi lwezempilo lwabantu, oluqhutywa yimigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe, ukwaziswa kwezonyango kunye noguquko lobuchwepheshe.Imfuno yentengiso yeemveliso ze-elektroniki zonyango e-China iyaqhubeka nokugcina ukukhula okukhawulezayo.

Ukongezelela, i-China iqalile ukuphumeza iSicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu ye-12, apho uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo lwezixhobo zonyango luneenjongo ezintathu ezilandelayo: 1) Ukukhawuleza ukuphuhliswa kweshishini lezixhobo zonyango lwasekhaya;2) Ukusebenzisa inkqubo yokuthengwa kwempahla emanyeneyo;3) Amaziko ezonyango asekhaya Okuphambili kufuneka kunikwe ekuthengeni izixhobo zonyango zasekhaya.Ngokuphunyezwa ngokuthe ngcembe kwesi sicwangciso sohlaziyo lwezonyango, abavelisi bezixhobo zonyango basekhaya benze onke amalungiselelo okusebenzisa eli thuba lophuhliso olunqabileyo lokuphuhlisa isizukulwana esitsha sezixhobo zonyango.

Ukongeza kwizixhobo zonyango ezimele zihambelane nemigangatho eyaziwayo ngamazwe ngamazwe, ezinye izinto ezifana nokusebenza okusisiseko kunye nokuba umbane osetyenziswayo udibana neenkcukacha kubaluleke kakhulu, kuba impilo yesigulane iya kuchaphazeleka ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo kuyo.Nangona kunjalo, izixhobo zonyango ze-elektroniki ezinxulumene nokhathalelo lwesigulana, unyango lweklinikhi, ukujonga impilo, okanye ukuskena umfanekiso, ukuba umbane uyasilela, ukusilela kombane, okanye ezinye iingxaki, iziphumo ziya kuchaphazela ngqo impilo yesigulana, kwaye zide zichaphazele isigulana. impilo.Zibangele umonakalo wexeshana okanye osisigxina.

Thatha izixhobo zaselabhoratri okanye izixhobo zokuxilonga njengomzekelo.Nje ukuba kukho ingxaki kubonelelo lombane, abasebenzi bezonyango abayi kukwazi ukwenza uxilongo oluchanekileyo ngexesha, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kuya kufuneka benze iimvavanyo ezininzi ngakumbi.Oku kuya kuchitha ixesha kwaye kwandise ingqondo yabasebenzi bezonyango kunye nezigulana.umthwalo.

Ukongezelela, xa ukunikezelwa kwamandla kwezixhobo zonyango kungaphumeleli, nokuba akuyiyo ngokukhawuleza ingxaki yokhuseleko, ayiyi kukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yayo esisiseko.Ke ngoko, abaphuhlisi bezixhobo zonyango akufuneki bavale iplagi yokuyila iplagi kuphela kwinqanaba lokukhulelwa kwemveliso, kodwa kwanomjikelezo wobomi bemveliso Iingozi ezichaphazelekayo zihlala zilawulwa ngaphakathi ukuphepha ukusilela kwesixhobo.

Iimpawu

Izixhobo zonyango ngengqiqo ebanzi ziquka izixhobo zonyango kunye nezixhobo zonyango zasekhaya, ngoxa izixhobo zonyango eziqeqeshiweyo zingabandakanyi izixhobo zonyango zasekhaya.Kunokubonwa ukuba ngelixa behlobene ngokusondeleyo, bakwalubudlelwane obubandakanyayo, kwaye iiyantlukwano ezifihlakeleyo akunzima ukuzibona.

Ukulungiswa kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo zonyango ezinkulu, ukufakwa kwezixhobo kunye nokuchithwa kwezixhobo ngomnye wemisebenzi ephambili yesebe lezixhobo esibhedlele.Ihambelana ngokuthe ngqo nokhuseleko lokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo, ukuphumelela kokuhlolwa kunye nokuvavanywa kwezixhobo zonyango lwezonyango, kunye neNtsebenziswano kunye nokuqhubeka komsebenzi wezonyango kwisibhedlele sonke.Inqaku elisisiseko kuphuhliso kunye noyilo lwenkqubo yindlela isebe lezixhobo elisebenzisa ngayo abasebenzi abambalwa, izixhobo eziphathekayo kunye nezibonelelo ezinqongopheleyo.Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa umlinganiselo oqhelekileyo wokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ngokuqwalasela indleko-mpumelelo ukuphumeza iqondo eliphezulu lolondolozo oluzimeleyo.Umxholo.

Ngokusekelwe kwi-speciality yokugcinwa kwezixhobo zonyango, eli nqaku lisebenzisa ikhowudi yekhowudi yedijithali kunye nezixhobo zokubala ngokuzimeleyo ukwakha iifayile zokulungiswa nokulungiswa kwezixhobo, kunye neenkcukacha ezibanzi zekhompyutha malunga nokulungiswa kwezixhobo, ukugcinwa, ukufakwa, kunye nedatha yezixhobo zokungakhathali.

Iinjongo zoyilo lwenkqubo

Oku kulandelayo kuchaza inkqubo evela kwiimpawu ezininzi zenkqubo, igxininise ekuboneleleni ingcamango yophuhliso, kunokuba inkqubo elula.

Ukrelekrele

Isixokelelwano esikhulu solawulo lwezixhobo zesibhedlele akufuneki siphindaphinde iinkqubo ezenziwa ngezandla, kufuneka ibe yinkqubo eneempawu ezikrelekrele.Le nkqubo iqulethe iimodyuli ezininzi ze-EOQ, ngokukodwa ukuseta isikhumbuzi se-alamu yokulungisa izixhobo.Xa isiqwenga sesixhobo esiza kulungiswa sithunyelwa kwicandelo lesixhobo ukuze silungiswe, ikhompyutha iya kusikhumbuza ngokuzenzekelayo (ngokomhla wokuphelelwa kwesixhobo esiza kulungiswa) ngenxa yokuba injineli yolondolozo ingakhange iyilungise kwangethuba.I-alamu ihlulwe ibe ngamanqanaba amathathu (kunye nee-alamu ezivakalayo nezibonakalayo).Ngesiqhelo, xa inkqubo ikwi-interface yokungena, ithatha uhlobo lwemodyuli yomncedisi, kwaye iyijonge kanye ngexeshana.Ukuba izixhobo ezilungisiweyo zifuna ukulungiswa, inkqubo iya kusebenzisa i-alamu yomsindo kunye nokukhanya kwi-interface yokusebenza ukuze ikhumbuze ngokukhawuleza injineli ukuba ilungise.

Inkqubo ibonelela ngeemodyuli zokuhlelwa kwezixhobo, ukulawulwa kwezixhobo, ulawulo lweengxenye ezishiyekileyo, ulawulo lolwazi, ukukhutshwa kwengxelo kunye nohlalutyo lwamanani, olunokwenza uhlalutyo lwamanani kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi wokulondoloza, kunye nokubonisa iziphumo zohlalutyo lwamanani ngendlela yeetafile.Okufana neenkcukacha-manani zogcino lwezixhobo zokulondoloza, inani lezixhobo ezingeniswe ukuba zihlolwe, isantya sokulungisa ugcino lwezixhobo, ireyithi yembuyekezo yokugcinwa kwesixhobo kunye neenkcukacha-manani zoluhlu lwecandelo, kunye nohlalutyo lwezinto ezilahliweyo.

Ukunyaniseka kwedatha kunye nokhuseleko, sisebenzisa ikhowudi ukuphumeza ukugcinwa kwedatha ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nemisebenzi yokubuyisela, kwaye abalawuli benkqubo banokuphinda bagcine ngesandla kwaye babuyisele idatha.Enye iteknoloji yindlela yogunyaziso olungqongqo, apho umlawuli anikezela iimvume zolawulo ezahlukeneyo ngokweemfanelo ezahlukeneyo zomqhubi wenjineli.

uzinzo

Inkqubo yekhompyutheni ithatha i-Windows XP Advanced Server, kwaye ngokuqokelelwa kwedatha yangasemva, inika iinjineli ezinomsebenzi ophezulu womthengi kunye neqonga leseva.Indlela yokucwangcisa idatha usebenzisa le nkqubo ilula kakhulu.Iyakwazi ukucubungula iifomati ezahlukeneyo zokubonisa kunye neengxelo zedatha yokuprinta.Idatha enzima kunye neengxelo zinokusetyenzwa ngokukhululekileyo.